The next is a sponsored visitor article from Sergey Shashev, the founding father of Broxus.
From Neighborhood Rewards to the Hunt for “Free Cash”
The group has been a driving power behind the event of Web3 purposes and blockchains. Nonetheless, fostering and interesting a group is difficult, particularly for brand new tasks. To sort out this, builders have applied numerous financial mechanisms, equivalent to ICOs and staking.
Airdrops, usually ignored, current one other vital incentive for the group. This software has grown into a substantial area of interest. In line with CoinGecko, the three largest airdrops up to now—Uniswap, ApeCoin, and dYdX—collectively account for practically $12 billion. Over the previous three years, the whole worth of airdrops has reportedly surpassed $26 billion.
Initially designed to reward lively group members, airdrops have turn out to be so profitable that they’ve turn out to be a pasture for skilled opportunists who exploit them for private acquire. These opportunists create a number of accounts to finish duties set by organizers, both robotically or with low-cost labor.
Their rigged exercise ranges from posting fundamental content material on social media and transferring small quantities of cryptocurrencies to spamming a protocol’s supply code with ineffective commits, all in pursuit of what they finally see as “free cash.”
How Sybil Assaults Faucet Airdrops Dry
So, airdrop hunters have emerged as a brand new, actually malicious actor, disrupting the financial exercise inside Web3 and harming its future by diverting worth from real customers. In March 2023, Lookonchain reported on X (Twitter) about two “tremendous airdrop hunters” who exploited the Arbitrum airdrop, amassing greater than $3 million price of ARB tokens from round 1500 addresses.
This incident will not be remoted. Most main airdrops within the final three years, together with these from Optimism, Uniswap, 1inch, and lots of others, have been equally focused by hunters and their bot farms. An nameless raider claimed to The Block’s reporter, “Blur gave us one thing like $300,000, Arbitrum gave us round $180,000, Aptos gave us $125,000, and Optimism, $120,000.”
Not like true group members, airdrop hunters shortly dump their rewards, inflicting rapid worth drops, and transfer on to the subsequent goal. Starknet, a extremely anticipated Layer 2 blockchain constructed on Ethereum, skilled this firsthand. Researchers discovered that the community was infiltrated by airdrop hunters months earlier than the launch of its native cryptocurrency in February 2024. The end result? STRK plummeted 50% in its first two days of circulation, jeopardizing Starknet’s future. The hunters’ actions even drew the eye of the Chinese language police, who arrested a person on prices of stealing STRK tokens by way of id scams.
Different tasks, equivalent to Linea, EtherFi, and Connext Community, have additionally been drained by way of airdrops, experiencing what’s now termed a “Sybil assault,” a phenomenon in cybersecurity the place an attacker creates a number of faux identities to achieve affect or management in a pc community. If these perpetrators don’t get what they need, they usually submit defamatory statements concerning the venture on social media, spreading FUD. That is primarily a public extortion. We at Everscale have noticed such a marketing campaign in opposition to our accomplice blockchain community Venom, launched just a few months in the past.
Ongoing Seek for the Final Safety Towards Sybil Assaults
Regardless of acknowledging the issue, the trade has but to seek out an efficient answer. One method is to boost the eligibility standards for claiming airdrops. Nonetheless, even subtle airdrop applications like Arbitrum’s didn’t face up to the Sybil assault.
Some tasks try to compromise, like LayerZero’s current proposal to allocate smaller airdrops to searching accounts in the event that they self-identify as such. In any other case, their addresses risked being fully excluded from an airdrop. Nonetheless, distinguishing faux accounts from actual ones stays a problem, to not point out the precedent of recognizing wrongdoers as eligible recipients of group rewards.
Different recommendations embody implementing rigorous id verification for all airdrop contributors. Tasks like Worldcoin’s iris verification or Humanity Protocol’s palm recognition supply potential options, however such procedures could compromise person privateness, a core worth of Web3. In addition to, skilled drop hunters have already discovered workarounds for every kind of “digital passports,” making a marketplace for shopping for and “pumping” digital identities in bulk. This measure solely raises the prices for fraudsters with out fixing the issue.
One other answer proposed by Vitalik Buterin is the Soulbound Token (SBT), an NFT completely sure to an actual particular person (“soul”) that serves as a “proof of particular person” and identifier with out disclosing private particulars. Thus, SBTs may confirm a person’s fame in a decentralized method: if an SBT’s document exhibits a optimistic fame rating, its proprietor beneficial properties entry to airdrops, incentivizing benign conduct. Nonetheless, SBTs are nonetheless extra of an idea and want broader adoption.
These and different choices are presently on the desk. My article requires wider dialogue and motion amongst all conscientious actors within the Web3 trade. We should deal with the difficulty of airdrop raiders earlier than much more Web3 tasks and their conscionable supporters fall sufferer to new Sybil assaults. By figuring out a common method and set of requirements collectively, we’d get an opportunity to as soon as once more make the most of airdrops for his or her root mission: compensating vivid communities for his or her loyalty and dedication.
About Everscale
Everscale is a TVM blockchain powered by an infinite sharding mechanism, flexibly adapting to any workload in order that the scale of the load doesn’t have an effect on transaction occasions or community charges.
This makes Everscale an optimum blockchain for internet hosting high-scale and load-intensive decentralized purposes. Over the previous years, Everscale has developed a thriving group and strong ecosystem of DeFi, GameFi, NFT, and different web3 tasks.
